Scale Insects
Scale insects are one of the most destructive pests that can cause significant damage to trees and shrubs in New York. These insects belong to the family Coccoidea and can be found on many different species of plants. Scale insects are small, oval-shaped insects that feed on the sap of the plant. The damage caused by scale insects can range from mild leaf yellowing to severe defoliation and even death of the plant. This report aims to provide an overview of the scale insect damage to trees and shrubs in New York.
Common Scale Insects: There are several species of scale insects that are commonly found in New York. These include the Euonymus scale (Unaspis euonymi), Magnolia scale (Neolecanium cornuparvum), Oystershell scale (Lepidosaphes ulmi), and San Jose scale (Quadraspidiotus perniciosus). Each species of scale insect has a specific host plant and can cause a range of damage to the plant.
Damage Caused by Scale Insects: Scale insects feed on the sap of the plant and can cause a range of damage. Mild infestations may cause yellowing or wilting of leaves, stunted growth, and reduced fruit or flower production. Severe infestations can cause defoliation, dieback, and even death of the plant. Scale insects also excrete a sticky substance called honeydew, which can attract other pests like ants and can promote the growth of black sooty mold.
Management of Scale Insects: Management of scale insects can be challenging, and it is important to identify the species of scale insect before treatment. Horticultural oils, insecticidal soaps, and systemic insecticides can be effective against scale insects. However, the timing of the treatment is critical as many scale insects have a protective waxy coating that can make them resistant to pesticides. Cultural practices like pruning, mulching, and fertilization can also help improve plant health and reduce the risk of scale insect infestations.
Scale insects can cause significant damage to trees and shrubs in New York. The key to managing scale insects is early detection and identification, followed by appropriate treatment. Horticultural oils, insecticidal soaps, and systemic insecticides can be effective against scale insects, but cultural practices like pruning, mulching, and fertilization can also help improve plant health and reduce the risk of infestations. Regular monitoring and proper management can help prevent scale insect damage and ensure the health of trees and shrubs in New York.